FAQ

Mitopure® is a specific, patented form of Urolithin A: the same molecule that gut bacteria make from ellagitannins in foods like pomegranates and walnuts, produced by chemical synthesis at >99% purity. Mitopure is the form used in all of Amazentis' published human clinical trials. Results from those trials apply to Mitopure and should not be assumed for other Urolithin A products, which vary in purity, formulation and clinical validation.

Developed by Timeline Longevity after over 18 years of research, Mitopure® is the only clinically proven Urolithin A supplement available on the market. Mitopure® (Urolithin A) has been evaluated in multiple human trials across a diverse population, demonstrating meaningful health outcomes and verified purity, stability, and bioavailability. It has been successfully notified to the FDA as a GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) ingredient and is NSF Contents Certified, unlike many generic alternatives, which may lack rigorous safety testing.

Cellular Renewal: Increases mitochondrial renewal by +39% after 16 weeks over placebo.

Improved Muscle Strength: Clinical studies show up to a 12% increase in muscle strength after 16 weeks^[2].

Cellular Energy: Induces a signature of improved mitochondria.

Bioavailable: Mitopure® unlocks 6x more Urolithin A than diet alone^[3].

Read more about the benefits of Mitopure®, as well as our clinical studies.

In clinical studies, Mitopure® was shown to induce a selective recycling of damaged mitochondria, a process known as mitophagy. This is a natural process in our cells that cleans up defective and unhealthy mitochondria. Mitophagy becomes less efficient as we age. A decline in mitophagy and mitochondrial function are key drivers of the aging process. (Ryu et al, 2016).

Mitopure® (Urolithin A) activates mitophagy, the recycling of damaged mitochondria, and that is its primary mechanism demonstrated in human trials. Other mitochondrial supplements act through different mechanisms: CoQ10 takes part in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and NR and NMN raise NAD+ levels that support cellular energy metabolism.

They act on different pathways. Mitopure® (Urolithin A) activates mitophagy, the recycling of damaged mitochondria, which is its primary mechanism demonstrated in human trials. Mitophagy becomes less efficient with age, so damaged mitochondria can accumulate and interfere with normal cell function. NAD+ and its precursors NMN and NR raise NAD+ levels, which supports cellular energy metabolism and repair enzymes. No clinical trial has tested Mitopure together with an NAD+ precursor, and no interaction is known.

Mitopure® supports long-term mitochondrial health by activating mitophagy, the body’s natural process for removing and replacing damaged mitochondria. By helping to restore this cleanup process, Mitopure® supports a healthier pool of mitochondria inside cells, enabling them to produce energy. Clinical studies have demonstrated improvements in cellular energy and muscle strength, even without a change in exercise routine.

Creatine supports short-term energy production, helping to fuel muscles for short, explosive bursts of power. Taken alone, without strength training, creatine has minimal impact on muscle quality.

Check five things: whether the exact form of Urolithin A was used in published human trials; whether the manufacturer states a purity specification and uses third-party testing; whether there is a regulatory record such as an FDA GRAS notice; whether a third party such as NSF certifies the product; and whether the daily dose matches the 500 mg to 1,000 mg studied in trials. Urolithin A products vary in purity, formulation and clinical validation, and trial results from one form should not be attributed to another. Mitopure® is the form used in all of Amazentis' published human trials and is covered by FDA GRAS Notice GRN 791.

Mitophagy is the process by which cells recycle damaged mitochondria, the structures that produce most of a cell's energy. It becomes less efficient with age, so damaged mitochondria can accumulate and cellular energy output can decline. Researchers do not agree on a single cause of mitochondrial decline; commonly cited contributors are accumulated damage, reduced removal of damaged mitochondria, and fewer newly formed mitochondria. Urolithin A (Mitopure®) activates mitophagy, as measured by mitochondrial biomarkers in skeletal muscle in a human trial of adults aged 40 to 65.

Urolithin A and Urolithin B are both produced by gut bacteria from ellagitannins and differ in chemical structure: Urolithin A has two hydroxyl groups, Urolithin B has one. Which urolithins a person makes depends on their gut microbiome; some people produce mostly one, some the other, and some neither. Mitopure® is Urolithin A, and the published human trial evidence on mitophagy and muscle outcomes is for Urolithin A.

Talk to your healthcare provider first. Mitopure® is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding without medical advice, because clinical studies of Mitopure (Urolithin A) have not included pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Mitopure® is well-tolerated. In clinical trials, no serious adverse effects were reported. Mild gastrointestinal discomfort is rare but possible when starting any new supplement.

If you experience any side effects from taking Mitopure®, please email us at care@timeline.com or call +1 888-631-3359. Our team is available to help Monday through Friday, 9am to 5pm EST.

Ask your doctor first. No specific interactions between Mitopure® (Urolithin A) and prescription medications are known, but any new bioactive supplement should be reviewed by a doctor before it is added to a prescription regimen.

Mitopure® is free from common allergens, including gluten and dairy.

Dietary supplements are not "approved" by the FDA like drugs, but Mitopure® has achieved FDA GRAS status, meaning the FDA has reviewed its safety dossier and declared it as safe for human consumption at the adequate daily dose.

Yes. Mitopure® holds these certifications and regulatory records:

FDA GRAS Notice: FDA "no questions" letter, 2018.

FSSC 22000: food safety management system certification.

NSF Certified: end products containing Mitopure are tested for banned substances.

Clean Label Project: end products containing Mitopure are tested for contaminants.

Mitopure® (Urolithin A) is supported by more than 18 years of research and by randomized, placebo-controlled human trials published in peer-reviewed journals. Three key trials: a first-in-human safety trial in older adults, with improved mitochondrial gene-expression signatures after 4 weeks; a trial in 88 adults aged 40 to 65 taking 500 mg or 1,000 mg daily for 4 months, with about 12% higher hamstring strength than placebo and lower C-reactive protein; and a trial in older adults taking 1,000 mg daily for 4 months, with improved muscle endurance.

Yes. Mitopure® (Urolithin A) has undergone multiple randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human clinical trials, which are the gold standard for scientific validation. Many of these studies have been published in high-impact, peer-reviewed medical journals.

Clinical trials confirm that Mitopure® successfully induces mitophagy in humans, helping to clear the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria that is associated with age-related muscle decline.

Yes, Timeline Longevity actively conducts new trials, in partnership with top research institutions around the world, to explore benefits in other areas such as immune health, skin longevity, and cognitive function. Keep up to date with the ongoing research on Mitopure.

Plan on at least 4 months of daily use. Based on our clinical trials, we recommend you take Mitopure® for a minimum of 4 months to support mitochondrial function and muscular health. Many of our customers choose to stay on Mitopure® indefinitely to support their long-term mitochondrial health.

Yes, Mitopure® is designed for ongoing daily use to support long-term cellular health. Mitophagy (triggered by Mitopure® (Urolithin A)) is an ongoing cellular process; stopping supplementation will likely cause Urolithin A levels to drop, returning mitochondrial recycling to its baseline (often sluggish) rate.

Not everyone will feel noticeable changes with Mitopure®. Cellular health changes happen internally, often before they are felt. You will likely not feel a sudden energy boost, but the benefits are building over time. Our clinical data suggests that Mitopure® is actively improving mitochondrial biomarkers and measures of muscle health. Consistency and duration are key for mitochondrial renewal.

Doses up to 1,000mg daily have been clinically studied and found safe and effective. There are no clinical studies showing benefits beyond 1,000mg per day. The recommended daily dosage is 500mg (maintenance) to 1,000mg (clinical strength).

Yes. Mitopure® (Urolithin A) can be taken with or without food, with water, and alongside other supplements, and no interactions are known. Check with a healthcare practitioner first if you are planning a pregnancy, pregnant, nursing, expecting surgery, taking medication regularly, or under medical supervision.

Yes. Mitopure® is designed for safe, daily, long-term use.

Likely not. Urolithin A is not directly found in foods, instead we need to rely on our gut microbiome to make it for us. Only 30–40% of the population possesses the specific gut microbiome required to convert dietary precursors (ellagitannin-rich foods, such as pomegranates and nuts) into Urolithin A, and even then, conversion is inconsistent. Additionally, most people are not consuming enough of the dietary precursors to make meaningful amounts of Urolithin A. We demonstrated in a clinical study that you would need to drink 6 glasses of pomegranate juice per day to get the equivalent of a 500mg dose.